Content Updated: August 14, 2025

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Mice and rats are common in urban and suburban areas, often seeking food, shelter, and warmth in homes and other buildings. While these rodents are usually shy and avoid contact with humans, their bites can pose serious risks. Rodent bites not only cause physical injury but may also transmit dangerous diseases like hantavirus, leptospirosis, and rat-bite fever. Learn about the risks associated with rodent bites, what to do if you get bitten, and the steps you can take to prevent rodent infestations.

rat indoors on floor


Do mice and rats bite humans?

Mice and rats are generally timid creatures that avoid human interaction, but they can bite if they feel threatened, cornered, or provoked. Encounters during trapping or when disturbing their nests are common triggers for bites. While bites are relatively uncommon, they can be strong enough to break the skin, potentially leading to infection. Rodent bites are also a concern for pets, as curious animals may provoke defensive behavior from mice or rats. Pets bitten by rodents risk exposure to diseases, making it essential to monitor interactions closely and address rodent infestations promptly

The risks of mice and rat bites

Rodent bites often appear as small puncture wounds or scratches and may cause redness, swelling, or bleeding. These bites can lead to serious health risks, as they are potential carriers of various diseases, including:

  • Hantavirus: Transmitted through rodent saliva or excretions, hantavirus can cause flu-like symptoms such as fever, muscle aches, and fatigue. Severe cases may progress to respiratory distress, requiring immediate medical attention.
  • Leptospirosis: This bacterial infection can result from contact with an infected rodent’s bite or fluids. Symptoms include fever, headache, muscle pain, and, in severe cases, kidney or liver damage.
  • Rabies: Although rare in rodents, rabies can cause neurological symptoms such as confusion, agitation, and paralysis. It is almost always fatal without prompt treatment.
  • Rat-bite fever: A bacterial infection marked by fever, rash, vomiting, and joint pain. If untreated, it can lead to severe complications like organ damage or abscesses.

What to do if you get bitten by a mouse or rat

If you get bitten by a mouse or rat, it’s important to act quickly to reduce the risk of infection. Start by thoroughly cleaning the wound with soap and water to remove bacteria or contaminants. After cleaning, apply an antiseptic and cover the area with a sterile bandage.

Seeking medical attention is essential, even if the bite seems minor. A healthcare provider may recommend treatments such as a tetanus shot, antibiotics to prevent infection, or additional tests if there’s a risk of exposure to diseases like rat-bite fever or leptospirosis. Early intervention can help ensure proper care and minimize health risks.

Preventing mice and rat bites

The best way to prevent rodent bites is to minimize the chances of encountering them in your home. Follow these tips to help keep rodents out:

  • Seal entry points: Inspect your home for gaps, cracks, and holes larger than a quarter inch, especially around doors, windows, and pipes, and seal them with durable materials like steel wool and caulk.
  • Eliminate food sources: Store food in airtight containers, promptly clean up spills or crumbs, and secure trash bins with tight-fitting lids.
  • Declutter: Remove piles of debris, firewood, or other materials near your home that rodents could use for shelter.
  • Trim vegetation: Keep shrubs and tree branches away from your home’s roof or walls to limit access.

What to do if you see a rodent in your home

If you see a mouse or rat in your home, take these precautions to avoid bites:

  • Don’t handle live rodents: Use gloves and tools like traps or tongs when dealing with rodents.
  • Stay calm: Avoid sudden movements or trying to corner the rodent, as this can provoke defensive behavior.
  • Call for professional help: If you suspect an infestation, contact a pest control professional to safely remove the rodents and secure your home.

Professional rodent control solutions

Dealing with rodents can be overwhelming, but that’s where Terminix comes in. Our experts provide targeted treatments to get rid of mice and rats, thorough inspections to find out how they’re getting in, and exclusion services to seal up those entry points for good. With our help, you can enjoy peace of mind knowing your home is protected. Schedule a free inspection today.